Cotton-gin saw



(No-"Modem 2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

W. M. BROWN.

COTTON GIN SAW.

0 B, d/ 0W w. .H w M J 7 N v M mm g =B/ J; M d M QM w 5. i v

y g. a; A?//////////////wv//////v/// w m M g m////////////V//w/ Tm g (NoModel.) W. M BROWN. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Q UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER M. BROWN, OF ALBANY, NEIV YORK.

COTTON- GIN SAW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 500,560, dated uly 4,1893.

Application filed May 24, 1892.

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, WALTER M. BROWN, a citizen of theUnitedStates,residingatAlb-any, Albany county, New York, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Cotton- Gin Saws; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to' make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved saw for cottongins.

Figure 1 shows a vertical sectional view of one form of my saw havingabeveled periphery; Fig. 2 a similar view with the bevel sloping in theopposite direction; Fig.3 a similar view showing a doublebevel; Fig. 4 asimilar view of a set of double beveled saws set in the ribs of a gin;Fig. 5 a similar view of a set of single saws massed, the center onebeing greatest in diameter and the following ones diminishing indiameter until the outer ones are reached; Fig. 6 a similar view showinga rounded periphery; Fig. 7 a side elevation of a portion of a saw made'of segments, showing three of the segments; Fig. 8 a vertical sectionalview of the left hand segment shown in Fig. 7, showing five segmentsmassed and the holding rib or gutter; Fig. 9 a vertical sectional Viewof the central segment shown in Fig. 7, taken on line X. X. showing anopening through them; Fig. 10 a similar view of the right hand segmentshowing the groove or gutter in the outside segments by which they areheld between the collars of the gin cylinder; Fig. 11 a verticalsectional view of a set of the collars fitted to hold the massedsegments shown in Figs; 8 and 10; Fig. 12 a similar view of aset ofcollars fitted to hold the massed segments shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 13 asimilar view of a portion of two blades having a punch mark formingaslight point on the back of one of the blades; Fig. 14 a similar viewof a single blade takenon line 64-00 Fig. 15 showing its foot turned atright angles and having a protuberance in the blade; Fig. 15 a sideelevation of a section showing the foot and protuberances and a slit inthe section; Fig. 16 avertical sectional Serial No. 43412155. (Nomodel.)

view of a portion of Fig. 15 taken on line b. h; Fig. 17 a similar viewshowing a pin set through the blade.

The saws A. shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4. and 6, are made by affixing theteeth upon the rim or periphery of a pulley or drum and in such a mannerthat the periphery-of the teeth will be beveled or sloping.

In Fig. 5 I show a form of saw made by taking blades of differentdiameters and making an opening through their center and affixing themon a gin shaft as is ordinarily done with a' single saw, and train themto run true, '5. 6., revolve in true circles, and they may be leftwithout otherwise fastening them if desired, or they may be connectedthe one to the other.

In Fig. 7 I show a portion of a saw made of segments and having teethmade in hooked form as at M. and provided at their feet or bottoms withmeans H, for holding them between the collars of the gin shaft, and thismeans for holding them is shown as being different in each of the setsof segments, thus showing three different forms of holding devices.

In Fig. 8, H. shows a groove or guttered offset aflixed to the outersegment of the mass and these offsets may be cast, cemented or rivetedon as desired; Fig. 8 showing a vertical cross section of the holdingdevice H. shown in the left hand segment of Fig. 7.

In Fig. 9 I show five segments massed and having an opening F. throughthem in which the spurs J. on the collars E. enter and fit closelyenough to hold the segments.

In Fig. 10 I show five segments massed and having a gutter or groove I.cut in the faces of the outside segments, by which the mass is heldbetween the collars. These segments are preferably made of steel, andtheir teeth formed, preferably, by dies, and when ready for use they areplated with nickel or coated with tin, or otherwise washed, so as totake solder or its equivalent, from their feet to a point about theheight indicated by the line Y. Y. in Fig. 9. An indentation, made by apunch or other instrument, is made in each segment as shown at K. inFig. 13, and when the segments are massed, the point raised by the punchmark keeps the segments slightly apart (but any other separating devicemay be used if desired), and when thus prepared to take solder or itsequivalent, they are dipped in a fluid mass of the cement used, and thusfirmly bound together. The solder or cement is indicated at L. in Figs.9 and 10. When thus massed and cemented if the holding device H. shownin Fig. 8 is used or that shown in Fig. 10 at I., the form of collartherefor is shown at E. in Fig. 11. These collars are simply wheelshaving a rim of thickness enough to enter the gutter or groove H. shownin Fig. 8, or I. shown in Fig. 10, and when the gin shaft is filled withthese collars and the massed segments, the collars are squeezed orpressed tightly together by means of a nut on the end of the shaft (nutnot shown), when the segments will be tightly pinched and held betweenthe rims of the collars E. This is clearly seen by supposing thesegments shown in Fig. 8 dropped down between the rims of the collars inFig. 11 and the collars squeezed together, the rim of the collar fittinginto the gutter or groove H. or the gutter I. The collars are seen,therefore, to answer for the gutters H. and also for I. When that formof holding device is used shown in Fig.9 (which is a cross section ofthe central segment shown in Fig. 7 but having the opening F. somewhatenlarged), a special form of collar is provided as shown in Fig. 12,where J. shows spurs upon the rims of the collars E. and these spurs J.fit into the openings F. in the segments, and when the collars aresqueezed together on the gin shaft, the segments are firmly held inlace.

In Fig. 7 I have shown three openings F. but there may be more or less,and instead of passing entirely through the segments, they may be littlemore, if anything, than simple indentations in the outer segments,providing they are deep enough to hold the spurs J. or theirequivalents, on the rims of the collars. These collars should not beconfounded with the ribs of the gin. Ribs are shown at B. in Figs. 1, 2,3, 4, 5 and 6, and are not attached to the gin cylinder shaft, while thecollars E. are, and holding the segments of teeth revolve with theshaft, but as collars in other forms than here described are old inother forms of gins and in the art, further explanation concerning suchcollars is'unnecessary.

In Fig. 13, I show a punch mark K which raises a point on the rear ofthe saw blade or segment A, and this is used to keep the se ments apart,so that when dipped or otherwise broughtin contact with cement, thecement enters between the blades or segments and binds them together,but a strip of cardboard or other body may be used to separate them ifdesired.

Heretofore, cotton gin saw sections have been made both of separateneedles and of solid steel sections, and in order to hold them betweenthe collars of the gin shaft curved flanges forminga curved channel wereformed on their faces by casting on them soft and easily fused metal,usually Babbitt metal, but

this soft metal was soon badly cut away by the sand and grit in thecotton when the gin was operated, and the soft .metal was, therefore,not only very expensive in first cost and in handling, but did notwithstand the erosive action of the sand and grit common to all roughseed cotton, and the rapid erosion and wasting away of the sections wasa common complaint and a great disadvantage. To avoid this difficulty,therefore, in Figs. 14, 15, 16 and 17, I show another method of formingthe segments, so they may be held by the collars of the gin. N. showsthe foot of the segment turned over at right angles with the body, andP. an indentation in the body of the segment, and between theindentation P. and the turned over foot N., the rim of the collar Efits, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 14. In Fig. 15, a sideelevation of the segment shown in section in Fig. 14 is seen, showingthat the turned over foot N. only forms afoot for one-half the segment,and that there is also a turned over foot at O. and turned in theopposite direction to N. so that one foot N. is on one side the sectionand the other foot 0. on the opposite side. two or more of these feet.At S. and T. are shown indentations, being simple openings made throughthe segment and the cut out piece standing at practically right angleswith the body of the segment, one on one side and the other on theother, forming an ofiset on each side the section whichperform the sameoffice as the indentations P. and R. It will be seen also, by Fig. 15that there is a slit or cut U. in the foot of the segment, one of thedivisions made thereby being marked W. and the other X. This division ofthe foot of the section is made to especially accommodate that class ofgins using only one row of teeth on a saw, and, as shown, the divisionor leg W. is slightly sprung back, while the leg X. is sprung slightlyforward, causing the-slit U. to assume a V shape. This is done so thatwhen the section is set between the collars of the gin, the collars willbe obliged to spring the parts W. and X. in line with the body of thesegment, and as there is considerable spring or resilience in the metal,they will re-act on the rim of the collars, thus preventing them fromrattling or shaking, and this is necessary, as experience shows thatwhen metal segments are set in the collars, metal to metal, there willbe found some of the segments which are not quite so thick as others,and the thinner ones rattle and cannot be made tight.

In Fig. 12, I show spurs J., which may be simple offsets or enlargementsat the ends of spokes, and in some constructions they will be preferredto spurs on the rim of a wheel or collar, it being immaterial whether awheel or a collar without a rim and consisting of only spokes be used orwhether a. wheel or collar with a rim and spurs thereon be used, but Iprefer the collar with a spurJ. on its rim.

Fig. 16 shows a sectional view of Fig. 15,

There may be into the hole in the section so as to become.

rigidly fixed in place and immovable and practically a part of thesection which may be accomplished by first heating the plate and thendrivingthe pin when theplatewill shrink upon the pin and make itpractically a part and portion of the section and hold it rigidly andimmovably.

The herein described method of forming a cotton gin saw of sections,held between the collars of a driving shaft by means of offsets formedfrom the material of the sections themselves, some of said offsets beingmore or less resilient to take up any rattle that might occur on accountof the varying thickness of the sections, and some being for the purposeof catching upon the collars of the shaft to prevent the section frombeing drawn out from between them, is not necessarily confined to acotton gin saw, but may be used with advantage in the construction of anordinary circular wood or other cutting saw, where it is desirous toform the same of sections, and I therefore, do not confine myself to anyform of saw so made, nor do I confine myself to a resilient oflsetformed of a part and portion of the saw or any of its sections, as Iclaim it to be new to use resilient offsets of any kind or form, howevermade, for the purpose herein described.

In the drawings I have shown holding devices for the sections,consisting of offsets formed by turning over a portion of the section orforcing a portion of the section to stand out from the face thereof, andalso I have shown a pin, passing through a hole in the section, whichperforms the same office, as the bent over portion, and these olfsetshowever formed, are mere projections projecting out from the face of thesections and are composed of refractory material, in contradistinctionto that material which has heretofore been used, such as Babbitt metaland other soft substances, and I claim broadly, as new and patentable,any hard, enduring, unwearable, permanent or refractory substance, usedin the forming of these offsets or projections, as such have neverheretofore been used for a like purpose, to my knowledge.

Having fully described my invention, What I claim is l. A cotton ginsaw, having two or more rows of teeth, said teeth being arranged toproduce a beveled or sloping surface on their peripheries, for thepurposes described.

2. A cotton gin saw, composed of two or more sections, each sectionhaving teeth upon its periphery, said sections being set side by sideand held securely in a mass, the teeth on the sections being arranged toproduce a beveledsurface on their peripheries, for the purposesdescribed.

3. A cotton gin saw, composed of two or more sections, each sectionhaving teeth, said sections being set side by side and held securely asin a mass, and having grooves, openin gs or gutters in or onthe outersections, and cylinders or shafts having collars fitting in saidgrooves, openings or gutters, whereby the massed sections may be heldsecurely, for the purposes described.

4. Sections for a saw, having their bottoms or feet divided orseparated, the portions of the feet or bottoms made by this divisionbeing sprung away from the body of the section, in combination with acylinder or shaft having collars between which the bottoms or feet ofeach of such sections with their divided parts may be securely held, andarranged so that the portions of said sections thus sprung away from thebody of the sections shall re-act upon the collars when so securelyheld, for the purposes described.

5. Sections for a, saw, having their feet or bottoms divided orseparated, the portions made by this division being turned over, formingoffsets to the bodies of the sections, in combination with a shafthaving collars between which said sections may be securely held, andarranged so that the offset shall catch upon said collars, preventingthe sections from being drawn from between them, for the purposesdescribed.

6. Sections for a saw, having a portion of their blades turned, formingan ofiset to the blades, in combination with a shaft having collarsbetween which the sections may be securely held, the offset arranged tocatch upon the collars, for the purposes described.

7. In combination with the collars of a driving shaft, a saw composed ofsections, each section having a projection on its face formed by turningor forcing' up a portion of the material of the section, said projectionbeing ICC arranged to lie over or upon the periphery of the collars, andprevent the sections from dropping or being forced down between thecollars, for the purposes described.

8. In combination with the collars of a driving shaft, a saw composed ofsections, each section having an ofiset at or near its base, formed byturning or forcing up a portion of the blade arranged to lap under orcatch upon the collar, and an offset above the one at or near the base,and formed by forcing or turning up a portion of the blade, and arrangedto lap over or catch upon the collar and arranged to keep the sectionsbetween the collars, for the purposes described.

9. In combination with the collars of a driving shaft, a saw composed ofsections set between the collars, each of said sections having a portionof its blade standing out from the face of the saw, said portions sostanding out being resilient, for the purposes de scribed.

10. A saw composed of sections, each secsurface of said holding devicesfor the pur- :0 tion having rigidly connected therewith, when posesdescribed. separated from the saw as a whole, refractory In testimonywhereof I afiix my signature in bodies standing out from the faces ofthe secpresence of two witnesses. tions, in combination with sectionholding devices attached to the driving shaft, said re- WALTER BROWNfraetory bodies being arranged to hold the Witnesses: sections firmly tothe section holding de- 1. F. HARRIS, vices by coming in contact withthe outer A. M. TURNER.

